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Geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs)are an established sealing product in the geoenvironmental industry.They are used in landfill caps and for above ground tank farms,as well as within various other containment structures such as dams,canals,prnds,rivers and lakes,They are also used for waterproofing of buildings and other similar structures.Rolled out like a carpet to provide a durable impermeable liner,geosynthetic clay liners consist of a layer of high swelling so-dium bentonite . sandwiched between two geotextiles.by different techniques,manufactured GCL ,taishanshen,is mechanieally bonded by needlepunching from one nonwoven grotextile through the bentonite to the other nonwoven or woven geotextile.
Sodium Bentonite is a naturally occurring clay with hundreds of uses.Comprising mainly montmorillonite, a layered clay mineral with broad flat platelets which are idcally.shapcd to provide a hydraulic barrler .Sodium lons Iocated between these platelets allow water to hydrate the bentonite in an absorption reaction that results in the bentonites swelling characteristics,swells when contacted with water approximately 900% by volume or 700%by weitht. When hydrated under confinement ,the benlonite swells to form a low permeability clay layer with the equivalent hydraulic protection of several fect of compacted clay.This swelling allows the bentonite to seal around penetrations,giving the GCL self sealing characteristics,During hydration ,a confinod laycr of dry bentonite changes into a dense monolithic mass with no observablc individual particles.A fully hydrated sodium benforfite layer can have a hydraulic conductivity of approximately one hundred times lower than a typical compacted clay liner (CCL),Reeause of their low hydraulic conductivity,GCLs are used mainly as a replacement for thick,difficult to build ,compacted clay liners to provide a barrter to liquid and gases .Permathene supply and install a range of GCLs from light to heavy grades,These are high performance environmental liner comprised of geosynthetic carrier componcnts integrated with a layer of low permeability sodium bentonite .The rolls are supplied in wide widths,minimising seams.Installation is fast.
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Material property |
Test method |
Test Frequency ft2(m2) |
Required Values |
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Bentonite Swell Index1 |
ASTM D 5890 |
1 per 50 tonnes |
24mL/2g min. |
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Bentonite Fluid Loss1 |
ASTM D5891 |
1 per 50 tonnes |
18mL max. |
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Bentonite Mass/Area2 |
ASTM D5993 |
4,000m2 |
≥4.0kg/m2 |
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GCL Grab Strength3 |
ASTM D4595
EN 10319 |
200,000ft2 (20,000m2) |
MD AND CMD≥12kn/m |
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GCL Grab Strength3 |
ASTM D4632
ASTM D6768 |
200,000ft2 (20,000m2) |
120 lb(530N)MARV
30 lbs/in (53N/cm)MARV |
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GCL Peel Strength3 |
ASTM D4632
ASTM D6496 |
40,000ft2 (4,000m2) |
15 lbs (65N)min
2.5lbs/in (4.4N/cm)min
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GCL Index Flux4 |
ASTM D 5887 |
Periodic |
1x10-8 m3 /m2 /sec max |
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GCL Hydraulic Conductivity4 |
ASTM D 5887 |
Periodic |
5x10-9 cm/sec max |
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GCL Hydrated Internal Shear Strength5 |
ASTM D5321
ASTM D6243 |
Periodic
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500 psf (24kpa) typical |
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Roll size |
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5.8m width x 30m length per roll |
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